Observing wildlife is the best thing to do in Punta Allen. This region boasts the richest variety of animals within its natural reserve.
These creatures live freely in their natural environment.
While it’s often mentioned that you might not spot every animal during a boat trip in Sian Ka’an, it’s almost guaranteed you’ll see some.
Dive into this article as we delve into the vibrant wildlife of Punta Allen, the heart of biodiversity in the Sian Ka’an biosphere. Let’s explore!
Which animals can you spot in the Sian Ka’an biosphere?
The Sian Ka’an biosphere teems with captivating wildlife.
From dolphins and turtles to crocodiles, manatees, and a plethora of bird species, a visit to Sian Ka’an will undoubtedly leave you awestruck and starry-eyed!
1. Dolphins in Sian Ka’an 🐬
Dolphin watching is a primary attraction for numerous visitors to the Sian Ka’an biosphere.
The Birds Island area in the lagoons is the place for spotting these marine mammals.
To witness their graceful presence, embark on a boat ride with local fishermen.
Remember, swimming with dolphins is strictly prohibited, as they are safeguarded within this nature reserve.
These protective measures ensure their well-being, which is wonderful!
To truly appreciate dolphins, consider visiting Sian Ka’an to observe them in their natural environment, thriving in freedom.
It’s a more genuine experience compared to swimming with them in the confined pools of animal centers along the Riviera Maya.
In the Sian Ka’an biosphere reserve, you can primarily spot the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus).
They are known to inhabit the coastal waters, lagoons, and bays of the area.
The reserve provides a natural habitat for these dolphins, and it’s one of the reasons why many visitors are attracted to the area.
Always remember to observe them responsibly and from a distance to ensure their well-being.
✅ Area to spot them : Punta Allen (activity done during the Punta Allen boat tour).
2. Turtles in Sian Ka’an 🐢
Sian Ka’an is also renowned for its turtle populations.
As highlighted by CONAMP (the National Commission of Protected Natural Areas), three turtle species call Sian Ka’an home: the Green turtle (Chelonia mydas), Loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta), and the Hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata).
These turtles frequent the waters between the reef and the lagoons. When embarking on a boat tour, turtle spotting typically precedes the snorkeling activity on the reef.
✅ Area to spot them : Punta Allen (activity done during the Punta Allen boat tour).
3. Crocodiles in Sian Ka’an 🐊
Crocodiles are another intriguing resident of the Sian Ka’an biosphere.
These elusive creatures often take refuge in the mangroves, making them slightly more challenging to spot.
However, during the boat tour, there’s a special stop at the Boca Paila bridge — located well before reaching the village — specifically to seek out these captivating reptiles that enthrall both the young and the old.
According to CONAMP, two crocodile species can be found in the biosphere: the Morelet’s (often referred to as the Pantano) and the American crocodile.
If you opt for a “Deluxe” tour that starts with a boat ride from the beginning of the reserve, you will sail through the Boca Paila area.
From the boat, you’ll have the opportunity to observe the crocodiles in their natural habitat.
If you choose a “classic” boat tour that boards after Boca Paila, you’ll observe the crocodiles from the bridge while taking a break from the van ride.
This is also the case if you visit Sian Ka’an on your own, as you have to board the boat in Punta Allen, you’ll need to make a stop on the bridge to catch a glimpse of these fascinating creatures.
✅ Area to spot them : Boca Paila Bridge (activity done during the Punta Allen boat tour) and Muyil mangroves.
4. Birds in Sian Ka’an 🐦
Sian Ka’an Biosphere Reserve is an avian paradise, offering a diverse range of habitats conducive to a vast array of bird species. Sian Ka’an is home to over 300 species of birds.
This includes both resident species that live in the area year-round and migratory species that visit the region during certain times of the year.
Here’s a list of some birds that you might encounter while visiting Sian Ka’an:
- Yucatán Endemics:
- Yucatán Jay (Cyanocorax yucatanicus): Recognizable by its bright blue body and black face and throat.
- Yucatán Wren (Campylorhynchus yucatanicus): Found in the coastal scrub of the region.
- Mexican Sheartail (Doricha eliza): A type of hummingbird that’s often seen flitting about.
- Raptors:
- Osprey (Pandion haliaetus): A fish-eating bird of prey that often hovers over lagoons.
- Snail Kite (Rostrhamus sociabilis): Recognized by its slender, hooked bill.
- Waterbirds:
- Reddish Egret (Egretta rufescens): Often seen stalking its prey in shallow waters.
- Boat-billed Heron (Cochlearius cochlearius): Identified by its massive, broad bill.
- Roseate Spoonbill (Platalea ajaja): Notable for its pink color and spoon-shaped bill.
- Wood Stork (Mycteria americana): A large wading bird found in wetlands.
- Endangered Species:
- Jabiru Stork (Jabiru mycteria): One of the tallest flying birds, characterized by its black head and white body.
- Other Notable Species:
- Turquoise-browed Motmot (Eumomota superciliosa): Famous for its tail feathers that move like a pendulum.
- Great Kiskadee (Pitangus sulphuratus): Recognized by its yellow belly and loud calls.
- Magnificent Frigatebird (Fregata magnificens): Often seen soaring high above the coastline.
- Migratory Birds: Depending on the season, you might see a variety of North American migrants, including warblers, tanagers, and flycatchers.
Remember, the exact birds you’ll see depend on the season, specific location within the reserve, and a bit of luck.
It’s advisable to have a local guide when bird watching, as they can help identify and locate specific species.
✅ Area to spot them : Birds Island (activity done during the Punta Allen boat tour).
5. Manatees
Manatees are gentle and slow-moving herbivores that are often referred to as “sea cows” due to their diet primarily of sea grass.
In the Sian Ka’an Biosphere Reserve, manatees are one of the iconic species that both tourists and researchers alike are interested in.
Here are some insights about manatees in this region:
- Species: The manatee species found in Sian Ka’an is the Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus), which is a subspecies of the West Indian manatee.
- Habitat: Manatees in Sian Ka’an prefer the freshwater lagoons, estuaries, and coastal areas where seagrass beds are abundant. The calm and sheltered waters of the reserve offer an ideal environment for them.
- Conservation Status: Manatees are considered a vulnerable species, largely due to threats like habitat loss, boat collisions, and entanglement in fishing gear. The protected status of Sian Ka’an provides a sanctuary for these creatures, away from many direct human threats.
- Observation: Spotting a manatee can be a treat, but they’re known to be quite elusive. They surface briefly for air, often showing just their noses, and can stay submerged for up to 15 minutes. If you’re on a guided tour, the guide will often know the areas where manatees are typically sighted. However, in Sian Ka’an, it’s rare to spot them. I would say we see them on one out of every ten excursions. On very rare occasions, we observe them during snorkeling. A magical moment.
- Behavior and Diet: Manatees are herbivores, and their diet primarily consists of seagrass. They can consume about 10-15% of their body weight daily. They’re solitary creatures but can occasionally be seen in small groups.
- Reproduction: Manatees have a low reproductive rate. Females typically give birth to one calf every 2-5 years, and the bond between the mother and calf is strong. Calves are known to stay with their mothers for up to two years.
- Threats in Sian Ka’an: Even within the protected areas, manatees face threats. Boat strikes are among the significant risks, as they move slowly and often swim close to the surface. There’s also the concern of habitat degradation, particularly if seagrass beds are damaged.
- Conservation Efforts: Within Sian Ka’an and other parts of their range, efforts are being made to conserve manatee populations. This includes better regulation of boat traffic, public education campaigns about manatees, and regular monitoring of their populations.
✅ Area to spot them : Sian Ka’an Reef (activity done during the Punta Allen boat tour) & Ojo de agua near Boca Paila.
6. Rays
The Sian Ka’an Biosphere Reserve, with its rich coastal and marine habitats, provides a home for various marine species, including several types of rays.
Rays, closely related to sharks, are cartilaginous fish that are often found in warm coastal waters. Here’s some information about rays in the Sian Ka’an region:
- Species of Rays: The most commonly encountered rays in the waters of Sian Ka’an include the Southern Stingray (Dasyatis americana), the Spotted Eagle Ray (Aetobatus narinari), and occasionally the Manta Ray (Manta birostris).
- Habitat: Rays typically prefer shallow, sandy, or muddy bottoms where they can easily bury themselves to camouflage from predators and hunt for their prey. The diverse habitats of Sian Ka’an, which include seagrass beds, sandy patches, and coral reefs, offer suitable environments for various ray species.
- Diet: Most rays are bottom-feeders, consuming mollusks, crustaceans, and small fishes. Their mouths, located on the underside of their bodies, are adapted to extract prey from the seabed.
- Behavior: Rays are generally not aggressive. The Southern Stingray, for instance, will often bury itself in the sand, revealing only its eyes and the top part of its body. If threatened or stepped on, it can use its tail spine to deliver a painful sting. Spotted Eagle Rays, on the other hand, are often seen gracefully soaring near the sea surface or foraging along the seabed.
- Observation: While snorkeling or diving in Sian Ka’an, rays can sometimes be spotted gliding along the seabed or through seagrass meadows. They are captivating to watch due to their elegant movements. The Spotted Eagle Ray, with its distinctive spotted pattern, is especially mesmerizing.
- Conservation: Like many marine species, rays face threats from habitat destruction, pollution, and overfishing. Their slow growth and reproduction rates make them particularly vulnerable. Within protected areas like Sian Ka’an, they have a better chance at thriving without the immediate threat of fishing and habitat degradation.
When observing rays in Sian Ka’an or any other natural habitat, it’s essential to maintain a respectful distance and avoid disturbing them. This ensures not only your safety but also the well-being of these magnificent marine creatures.
- ✅ Area to spot them : Sian Ka’an Reef (activity done during the Punta Allen boat tour).
🐒 7. Monkeys
Here’s what you need to know about monkeys in the Sian Ka’an region:
- Species: The primary species of monkeys found in Sian Ka’an are:
- Howler Monkeys (Alouatta pigra): Recognized by their deep, resonant howls, these primates are the largest New World monkeys in the area.
- Spider Monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi): Agile and slender, spider monkeys are known for their long limbs and tail, which they use for brachiation (swinging between trees).
- Habitat: Both howler and spider monkeys prefer the tropical rainforests of the reserve. They thrive in the upper canopy, where they feed, sleep, and socialize. In Sian Ka’an, to observe the monkeys, you’ll need to visit the Muyil area.
✅ Area to spot them : Muyil Jungle (activity done during the Muyil tour).
Is there a best season to see the animals ?
This is a frequently asked question. There is no best season to see animals, throughout the year you will have the same chances of being able to observe them.
Except for one animal: The crocodile… It is more likely to come out of the mangroves in winter when the water is cold to sunbathe.
What are my chances of seeing animals in Sian Ka’an? 🍀
As it’s often said, in Sian Ka’an it’s impossible to see everything and impossible to see nothing.
- We can observe dolphins in about 90% of the trips.
- We can observe turtles in about 90% of the trips.
- We can observe crocodiles in about 30% of the trips in summer and 50% in winter.
- We can observe manatees in about 10% of the trips.
- We can observe birds in 100% of the trips.
We have already observed other animals such as hammerhead sharks and eagle rays, but rarely.